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established ties

  • 1 established ties

    English-russian dctionary of diplomacy > established ties

  • 2 налаженные связи

    established ties (links, relations)

    Banks. Exchanges. Accounting. (Russian-English) > налаженные связи

  • 3 tie

    1.
    2.
    1) pl связи
    2) долг, обязательство
    •

    English-russian dctionary of diplomacy > tie

  • 4 складываться

    1. сложиться
    1. (с тв.; устраивать складчину) club together (with), pool (with); pool (with); pool one's money / resources
    2. ( образовываться) form, turn out; take* shape; ( об обстановке) arise*
    3. страд. к складывать I
    2. страд. к складывать II

    Русско-английский словарь Смирнитского > складываться

  • 5 складываться

    несов. - скла́дываться, сов. - сложи́ться
    1) ( формироваться) form, take shape; ( возникать) emerge

    хара́ктер у него́ ещё не сложи́лся — his character has not yet formed

    у него́ сложи́лось убежде́ние [мне́ние] — he formed the conviction [opinion]

    истори́чески сложи́вшиеся свя́зи — historically established ties

    обстоя́тельства сложи́лись благоприя́тно — the circumstances were favourable [took a favourable turn]

    обстоя́тельства сложи́лись так, что... — the circumstances were such that...

    скла́дывается тяжёлая ситуа́ция — a grave situation is emerging; the situation is taking a dangerous turn

    как скла́дывается ва́ша жизнь? — how is your life going?, how are you getting on (in life)?

    скла́дывается впечатле́ние, что... — one is under the impression that...; the impression is that...

    2) (из; состоять, образовываться из составных частей) be made up (of), be comprised / composed (of)

    из чего́ скла́дывается ваш дохо́д? — what is your income made up of?

    пе́сня сложи́лась сама́ собо́й — the song was composed unintentionally

    4) обыкн. с отриц. (с кем-л; налаживаться - об отношениях) переводится с помощью выражений get on / along (with)

    у нас с ней ка́к-то не сложи́лись отноше́ния [не сложи́лось] — we somehow didn't get on / along with her

    5) (получаться, удаваться) succeed

    жизнь у него́ не сложи́лась — he didn't succeed in life; his life remained unsettled

    у меня́ так и не сложи́лось пое́хать туда́ безл. — I never managed to go there

    6) (в вн.; принимать какую-л новую форму) form (d), form (into)

    буквы́ сложи́лись в слова́ — the letters formed into words

    его́ гу́бы сложи́лись в улы́бку — his lips twisted into a smile

    её лицо́ сложи́лось в презри́тельную грима́су — she screwed her face into a grimace of disgust

    7) разг. (с тв.; собирать деньги вскладчину) club together (with); pool one's money / resources (with), pool (with)
    8) (укладываться компактно - о раздвижных, раскладных предметах) fold up / away, collapse

    э́тот сто́лик скла́дывается — this table is collapsible / foldable

    9) разг. ( собирать вещи для отъезда) pack (up), pack one's things
    10) страд. к складывать
    ••

    сложи́ться, как ка́рточный до́мик — см. карточный

    Новый большой русско-английский словарь > складываться

  • 6 establecer

    v.
    1 to establish.
    no lograba establecer contacto con la torre de control he couldn't make o establish contact with the control tower
    la policía no ha podido establecer la causa de su muerte the police have been unable to establish o determine the cause of death
    las normas del club establecen que… the club rules state that…
    Establecieron directrices They established guidelines.
    Establecieron a Ricardo en la oficina They established Richard at the office.
    2 to establish (instalar) (colonia, poblado).
    * * *
    Conjugation model [ AGRADECER], like link=agradecer agradecer
    1 (gen) to establish; (fundar) to found, set up
    2 (récord) to set
    3 (ordenar) to state, lay down, establish
    1 (en un lugar) to settle; (en un negocio) to set up in business
    * * *
    verb
    to establish, set up, found
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) [+ relación, comunicación] to establish
    2) (=fundar) [+ empresa] to establish; [+ colonia] to settle
    3) (=dictaminar) to state, lay down

    la ley establece que... — the law states o lays down that...

    4) (=expresar) [+ idea, principio] to establish; [+ norma] to lay down; [+ criterio] to set
    5) [+ récord] to set
    2.
    See:
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    1)
    a) <colonia/dictadura> to establish; < campamento> to set up
    b) <relaciones/contacto> to establish
    a) <criterios/bases> to establish, lay down; < precio> to fix, set; < precedente> to establish, set

    conviene dejar establecido que... — we should make it clear that...

    establecer un precedente — to establish o set a precedent

    b) (frml) ley/reglamento ( disponer) to state, establish
    c) < uso> to establish
    d) <récord/marca/moda> to set
    3) ( determinar) to establish
    2.
    establecerse v pron colono/emigrante to settle; comerciante/empresa to set up
    * * *
    = call for, determine, establish, institute, instruct, lay down, set, set up, settle, map out, set forth, set out, bring into + being.
    Ex. The main rules call for entry of societies under name and institutions under place.
    Ex. This assignment of intellectual responsibility is important, as we have seen earlier, since it determines the heading for the main entry.
    Ex. The intention is to establish a general framework, and then to give exceptions or further explanation and examples for each area in turn.
    Ex. The librarians have instituted a series of campaigns, including displays and leaflets on specific issues, eg family income supplement, rent and rates rebates, and school grants.
    Ex. Some of the above limitations of title indexes can be overcome by exercising a measure of control over the index terminology, and by inputting and instructing the computer to print a number of pre-determined links or references between keywords.
    Ex. He was the son of a bricklayer who laid down as early as 1859 that 'the assistance of readers in their researches' is one of the duties that 'have daily to be provided for' in ordinary public libraries.
    Ex. If no fines are to be charged for a particular combination of borrower and material type, set the maximum fine to zero.
    Ex. The searcher now decides to set up an SDI profile.
    Ex. Once the name to be used in a heading and its form have been settled, it is time to decide upon the entry element, or in more general terms, to examine the preferred order of the components of a name as the name is to appear as a heading.
    Ex. Down the years, the information industry has mapped out for itself the categories of information with which it is prepared to deal.
    Ex. She sets forth some of the conditions which may have led to this situation in the hope that it may bring about further study.
    Ex. The regulation sets out the requirement for compulsory notification of agreements to the Commission and gives the Commission powers to grant exemption to the rules.
    Ex. MARC was brought into being originally to facilitate the creation of LC catalogue cards.
    ----
    * establecer alianzas = make + alliances.
    * establecer canales para = establish + channels for.
    * establecer características = lay down + features.
    * establecer comparaciones = make + comparisons.
    * establecer comparaciones entre elementos comparables = compare + like with like.
    * establecer conexión = establish + link, make + connection.
    * establecer contacto = make + contact.
    * establecer contactos = liaise (with/between).
    * establecer contactos profesionales = networking.
    * establecer criterios para = make + provision for.
    * establecer directrices = chart + direction.
    * establecer disposiciones para = make + provisions for.
    * establecer el contexto = set + context.
    * establecer el origen de = trace + the origin of.
    * establecer el tema = set + the theme.
    * establecer el tono = set + the theme.
    * establecer equivalencias entre = map onto/to.
    * establecer lazos afectivos = bond.
    * establecer límites = draw + limits.
    * establecer norma = legislate.
    * establecer normas = make + provision, establish + standards.
    * establecer normas de funcionamiento = establish + policy.
    * establecer normativa = govern.
    * establecer prioridades = prioritise [prioritize, -USA], establish + priorities, set + priorities.
    * establecer reglas = make + provision.
    * establecer reglas para = lay down + rules for.
    * establecer relaciones = build + relationships, develop + relationships, develop + relations, build + relations, structure + relationships.
    * establecer relaciones con = forge + links with, forge + relationships with, forge + ties.
    * establecerse = settle in, settle down.
    * establecer sectores = sectoring.
    * establecer una analogía = draw + analogy.
    * establecer una colaboración = forge + collaboration.
    * establecer una condición = specify + requirement.
    * establecer una conexión = achieve + connection.
    * establecer una convención = establish + convention.
    * establecer un acuerdo = work out + agreement.
    * establecer una diferencia = draw + demarcation.
    * establecer una norma = lay down + standard, set down + rule.
    * establecer una normalización = impose + standardization.
    * establecer una política = institute + policy.
    * establecer una regla = frame + rule.
    * establecer un equilibrio = establish + a balance.
    * establecer un límite = set + limit.
    * establecer un norma = give + prescription.
    * establecer un paralelismo = draw + parallel.
    * establecer un paralelo = draw + parallel.
    * establecer un principio = establish + principle, set forth + cause.
    * establecer un record = establish + a record.
    * establecer un vínculo = provide + an interface.
    * establecer valores = establish + values.
    * establecer vínculos afectivos = bond.
    * volver a establecer equivalencias = remap.
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    1)
    a) <colonia/dictadura> to establish; < campamento> to set up
    b) <relaciones/contacto> to establish
    a) <criterios/bases> to establish, lay down; < precio> to fix, set; < precedente> to establish, set

    conviene dejar establecido que... — we should make it clear that...

    establecer un precedente — to establish o set a precedent

    b) (frml) ley/reglamento ( disponer) to state, establish
    c) < uso> to establish
    d) <récord/marca/moda> to set
    3) ( determinar) to establish
    2.
    establecerse v pron colono/emigrante to settle; comerciante/empresa to set up
    * * *
    = call for, determine, establish, institute, instruct, lay down, set, set up, settle, map out, set forth, set out, bring into + being.

    Ex: The main rules call for entry of societies under name and institutions under place.

    Ex: This assignment of intellectual responsibility is important, as we have seen earlier, since it determines the heading for the main entry.
    Ex: The intention is to establish a general framework, and then to give exceptions or further explanation and examples for each area in turn.
    Ex: The librarians have instituted a series of campaigns, including displays and leaflets on specific issues, eg family income supplement, rent and rates rebates, and school grants.
    Ex: Some of the above limitations of title indexes can be overcome by exercising a measure of control over the index terminology, and by inputting and instructing the computer to print a number of pre-determined links or references between keywords.
    Ex: He was the son of a bricklayer who laid down as early as 1859 that 'the assistance of readers in their researches' is one of the duties that 'have daily to be provided for' in ordinary public libraries.
    Ex: If no fines are to be charged for a particular combination of borrower and material type, set the maximum fine to zero.
    Ex: The searcher now decides to set up an SDI profile.
    Ex: Once the name to be used in a heading and its form have been settled, it is time to decide upon the entry element, or in more general terms, to examine the preferred order of the components of a name as the name is to appear as a heading.
    Ex: Down the years, the information industry has mapped out for itself the categories of information with which it is prepared to deal.
    Ex: She sets forth some of the conditions which may have led to this situation in the hope that it may bring about further study.
    Ex: The regulation sets out the requirement for compulsory notification of agreements to the Commission and gives the Commission powers to grant exemption to the rules.
    Ex: MARC was brought into being originally to facilitate the creation of LC catalogue cards.
    * establecer alianzas = make + alliances.
    * establecer canales para = establish + channels for.
    * establecer características = lay down + features.
    * establecer comparaciones = make + comparisons.
    * establecer comparaciones entre elementos comparables = compare + like with like.
    * establecer conexión = establish + link, make + connection.
    * establecer contacto = make + contact.
    * establecer contactos = liaise (with/between).
    * establecer contactos profesionales = networking.
    * establecer criterios para = make + provision for.
    * establecer directrices = chart + direction.
    * establecer disposiciones para = make + provisions for.
    * establecer el contexto = set + context.
    * establecer el origen de = trace + the origin of.
    * establecer el tema = set + the theme.
    * establecer el tono = set + the theme.
    * establecer equivalencias entre = map onto/to.
    * establecer lazos afectivos = bond.
    * establecer límites = draw + limits.
    * establecer norma = legislate.
    * establecer normas = make + provision, establish + standards.
    * establecer normas de funcionamiento = establish + policy.
    * establecer normativa = govern.
    * establecer prioridades = prioritise [prioritize, -USA], establish + priorities, set + priorities.
    * establecer reglas = make + provision.
    * establecer reglas para = lay down + rules for.
    * establecer relaciones = build + relationships, develop + relationships, develop + relations, build + relations, structure + relationships.
    * establecer relaciones con = forge + links with, forge + relationships with, forge + ties.
    * establecerse = settle in, settle down.
    * establecer sectores = sectoring.
    * establecer una analogía = draw + analogy.
    * establecer una colaboración = forge + collaboration.
    * establecer una condición = specify + requirement.
    * establecer una conexión = achieve + connection.
    * establecer una convención = establish + convention.
    * establecer un acuerdo = work out + agreement.
    * establecer una diferencia = draw + demarcation.
    * establecer una norma = lay down + standard, set down + rule.
    * establecer una normalización = impose + standardization.
    * establecer una política = institute + policy.
    * establecer una regla = frame + rule.
    * establecer un equilibrio = establish + a balance.
    * establecer un límite = set + limit.
    * establecer un norma = give + prescription.
    * establecer un paralelismo = draw + parallel.
    * establecer un paralelo = draw + parallel.
    * establecer un principio = establish + principle, set forth + cause.
    * establecer un record = establish + a record.
    * establecer un vínculo = provide + an interface.
    * establecer valores = establish + values.
    * establecer vínculos afectivos = bond.
    * volver a establecer equivalencias = remap.

    * * *
    establecer [E3 ]
    vt
    A
    1 ‹colonia› to establish; ‹campamento› to set up
    estableció su residencia en Mónaco he took up residence in Monaco
    2 ‹relaciones/comunicaciones/contacto› to establish
    3 ‹dictadura› to establish, set up
    1 ‹criterios/bases› to establish, lay down; ‹precio› to fix, set
    conviene dejar establecido que … we should make it clear that …
    establecer un precedente to establish o set a precedent
    2 ( frml); «ley/reglamento» (disponer) to state, establish
    como se establece en la Constitución as laid down o established in the Constitution
    tres veces el precio establecido por la ley three times the legal price
    3 ‹uso› to establish; ‹moda› to set
    4 ‹récord/marca› to set
    C (determinar) to establish
    no se ha podido establecer qué fue lo que ocurrió it has been impossible to ascertain o establish exactly what happened
    1 «colono/emigrante» to settle
    2 «comerciante/empresa» to set up
    se estableció por su cuenta he set up his own business ( o practice etc), he set up on his own
    * * *

     

    establecer ( conjugate establecer) verbo transitivo
    1
    a) ‹colonia/dictadura› to establish;

    ‹ campamento› to set up;

    b) ‹relaciones/contacto› to establish

    2 ( dejar sentado)
    a) ‹criterios/bases› to establish, lay down;

    ‹ precio› to fix, set;
    ‹ precedente› to establish, set
    b) (frml) [ley/reglamento] ( disponer) to state, establish

    c) ‹récord/marca/moda› to set;

    ‹ uso› to establish
    3 ( determinar) to establish
    establecerse verbo pronominal [colono/emigrante] to settle;
    [comerciante/empresa] to set up
    establecer verbo transitivo to establish
    (un récord) to set (up)
    ' establecer' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    conectar
    - disponer
    - fijar
    - implantar
    - sentar
    - consagrar
    - determinar
    - montar
    English:
    ascertain
    - establish
    - get at
    - institute
    - lay down
    - networking
    - open up
    - parallel
    - pattern
    - prioritize
    - set
    - set down
    - set up
    - standard
    - timetable
    - bond
    - determine
    - dictate
    - draw
    - empathize
    - get
    - issue
    - lay
    - open
    - pin
    - state
    * * *
    ♦ vt
    1. [instalar] [colonia, poblado] to establish;
    [campamento, negocio, sucursal] to set up;
    establecer residencia en to take up residence in
    2. [fijar, emprender] [régimen, relaciones, comunicación] to establish;
    [costumbre] to introduce; [moda] to start; [récord] to set;
    no lograba establecer contacto con la torre de control he couldn't make o establish contact with the control tower
    3. [expresar] [principios, criterios] to establish, to lay down;
    [teoría, hipótesis] to formulate;
    estableció las bases de la física moderna he laid the foundations of modern physics
    4. [estipular] to state, to stipulate;
    las normas del club establecen que… the club rules state that…;
    según establece la ley,… as stipulated by law,…
    5. [averiguar] to establish, to determine;
    la policía no ha podido establecer la causa de su muerte the police have been unable to establish o determine the cause of death
    * * *
    v/t
    1 establish
    2 negocio set up
    * * *
    establecer {53} vt
    fundar, instituir: to establish, to found, to set up
    * * *
    1. (crear) to set up [pt. & pp. set]
    2. (demostrar) to establish
    Newton estableció que... Newton established that...
    3. (ordenar) to state
    la constitución establece que... the constitution states that...

    Spanish-English dictionary > establecer

  • 7 tie

    1. present participle - tying; verb
    1) ((often with to, on etc) to fasten with a string, rope etc: He tied the horse to a tree; The parcel was tied with string; I don't like this job - I hate being tied to a desk.)
    2) (to fasten by knotting; to make a knot in: He tied his shoelaces.)
    3) (to be joined by a knot etc: The belt of this dress ties at the front.)
    4) (to score the same number of points etc (in a game, competition etc): Three people tied for first place.)
    2. noun
    1) (a strip of material worn tied round the neck under the collar of a shirt: He wore a shirt and tie.) slips
    2) (something that joins: the ties of friendship.) (vennskaps)bånd, lisse, snor
    3) (an equal score or result (in a game, competition etc); a draw.) uavgjort kamp
    4) (a game or match to be played.) omkamp
    •
    - tie someone down
    - tie down
    - tie in/up
    binde
    --------
    slips
    I
    subst. \/taɪ\/
    1) bånd, lisse, snor, snøre
    2) slips
    3) ( overført) bånd, lenke
    4) hemsko, klamp om foten
    5) ( konkurranse e.l.) lik poengsum, uavgjort, dødt løp
    det endte uavgjort \/ det ble dødt løp
    kampen skal spilles om igjen \/ det blir omkamp
    6) (britisk, sport) kamp, møte
    7) ( i noteskrift) (binde)bue, sløyfe
    8) ( bygg) bindebjelke, strekkbjelke, hanebjelke
    9) (jernbane, amer.) sville
    10) (amer.) lavhælt snøresko, spasersko
    black tie smoking
    no ties attached uten forpliktelser
    ties of blood blodsbånd
    white tie kjole og hvitt
    II
    verb \/taɪ\/
    1) ( også overført) binde (fast), lenke (fast), knytte
    2) ( sjøfart) fortøye
    3) ( medisin) underbinde
    4) ( i noteskrift) binde sammen (med en bue)
    5) ( sport) spille uavgjort, komme likt (med samme poengsum), løpe dødt løp
    fit to be tied ( hverdagslig) fra seg av sinne, rasende
    my tongue is tied min munn er lukket (med sju segl)
    tie a knot knytte en knute
    • I was tied down by my children\/my job
    jeg var bundet av barna mine\/arbeidet mitt
    tied up in ( også overført) viklet inn i
    tie for ( sport) dele
    tie in passe inn, samordne
    • can you tie in your holiday plans with ours?
    stemme, henge sammen
    ( handel) koble
    tie into (amer., hverdagslig) gå til angrep på
    tie one on (amer., hverdagslig) bli på en snurr, bli full
    tie someone hand and foot ( også overført) binde noen på hender og føtter
    tie someone (up) in knots gjøre noen helt forvirret
    tie the knot ( hverdagslig) gifte seg, knytte (ekteskaps)bånd
    tie up bunte sammen, snøre i hop, slå hyssing rundt, binde fast ( om en sak eller et problem) nøste opp, løse, ordne opp i
    ( medisin) underbinde, bandasjere ( overført) binde, engasjere
    • I'm sorry, but we are tied up all week
    beklager, men vi er opptatt hele uken
    hindre, stoppe
    • you tie up the traffic!
    ( eiendom og kapital) binde, båndlegge
    fikse, ordne opp i
    tie up with ha sammenheng med, henge (nært) sammen med
    tie with ( sport) spille uavgjort mot få samme tid som

    English-Norwegian dictionary > tie

  • 8 establish

    1. transitive verb
    1) (set up, create, found) schaffen [Einrichtung, Präzedenzfall, Ministerposten]; gründen [Organisation, Institut]; errichten [Geschäft, Lehrstuhl, System]; einsetzen, bilden [Regierung, Ausschuss]; herstellen [Kontakt, Beziehungen] ( with zu); aufstellen [Rekord]; ins Leben rufen, begründen [Bewegung]

    establish one's authority — sich (Dat.) Autorität verschaffen

    2) (secure acceptance for) etablieren

    establish one's reputation — sich (Dat.) einen Namen machen

    3) (prove) beweisen [Schuld, Unschuld, Tatsache]; unter Beweis stellen [Können]; nachweisen [Anspruch]
    4) (discover) feststellen; ermitteln [Umstände, Aufenthaltsort]
    2. reflexive verb

    establish oneself [at or in a place] — sich [an einem Ort] niederlassen

    * * *
    [i'stæbliʃ]
    1) (to settle firmly in a position (eg a job, business etc): He established himself (in business) as a jeweller.) sich niederlassen
    2) (to found; to set up (eg a university, a business): How long has the firm been established?) gründen
    3) (to show to be true; to prove: The police established that he was guilty.) feststellen
    •
    - academic.ru/25046/established">established
    - establishment
    - the Establishment
    * * *
    es·tab·lish
    [ɪˈstæblɪʃ, esˈ-]
    I. vt
    1. (found, set up)
    ▪ to \establish sth etw gründen
    to \establish an account ein Konto eröffnen
    to \establish a beachhead einen Brückenkopf errichten
    to \establish a commission eine Kommission bilden
    to \establish a dictatorship eine Diktatur errichten
    to \establish a home/a household ein Heim/einen Haushalt gründen
    to \establish a new home sich dat ein neues Zuhause einrichten
    to \establish a hospital ein Krankenhaus errichten
    to \establish a rule/theory eine Regel/Theorie aufstellen
    to \establish oneself in business sich akk geschäftlich durchsetzen [o etablieren
    2. (begin)
    ▪ to \establish sth etw einführen
    to \establish contact with sb mit jdm Kontakt [o Fühlung] aufnehmen
    to \establish relations Verbindungen herstellen
    to \establish a relationship with sb eine Beziehung zu jdm aufbauen
    to \establish the rule of law Recht und Ordnung herstellen
    to \establish ties Kontakte knüpfen
    ▪ to \establish sth etw schaffen [o herstellen]
    we have \established parity with wages in other companies wir haben im Lohnniveau mit anderen Firmen gleichgezogen
    to \establish a criterion ein Kriterium festlegen
    to \establish a norm eine Norm definieren
    to \establish a policy eine politische Linie einschlagen
    to \establish a precedent einen Präzedenzfall schaffen
    to \establish priorities Prioritäten setzen
    to \establish a quota eine Quote festlegen
    to \establish a standard/terminology einen Maßstab/eine Terminologie festlegen
    to \establish a world record einen Weltrekord aufstellen
    4. (secure, make firm)
    ▪ to \establish sth etw durchsetzen
    to \establish one's authority over sb [or supremacy] sich dat Autorität gegenüber jdm verschaffen
    to \establish a monopoly ein Monopol errichten
    to \establish order für Ordnung sorgen
    to \establish one's reputation as a sth sich dat einen Namen als etw machen
    to \establish one's rights seine Rechte geltend machen
    ▪ to \establish sth etw zeigen [o demonstrieren]
    to \establish one's superiority to sb/sth sich akk jdm/etw gegenüber als überlegen erweisen
    ▪ to \establish sb/oneself as sth:
    her latest book has \established her as one of our leading novelists ihr jüngstes Buch zeigt, dass sie eine unserer führenden Romanautorinnen ist
    he's \established himself as a dependable source of information er hat sich als verlässliche Informationsquelle erwiesen
    ▪ to \establish sth etw nachweisen
    we've \established that... wir haben festgestellt, dass...
    to \establish a claim einen Anspruch nachweisen
    to \establish the constitutionality of a law die Verfassungsmäßigkeit eines Gesetzes feststellen
    to \establish the facts den Sachverhalt klären
    to \establish the truth die Wahrheit herausfinden
    to \establish where/whether... feststellen, wo/ob...
    ▪ to \establish that... herausfinden, dass...
    7. (declare)
    to \establish one's residence ( form) sich akk niederlassen, seinen Wohnsitz begründen form
    II. vi gedeihen, aufblühen
    * * *
    [I'stblɪʃ]
    1. vt
    1) (= found, set up) gründen; government bilden; laws geben, schaffen; custom, new procedure einführen; relations herstellen, aufnehmen; links anknüpfen; post einrichten, schaffen; power, authority sich (dat) verschaffen; peace stiften; order (wieder) herstellen; list (in publishing) aufstellen, zusammenstellen; reputation sich (dat) verschaffen; precedent setzen; committee einsetzen

    to establish one's reputation as a scholar/writer — sich (dat) einen Namen als Wissenschaftler(in)/Schriftsteller(in) machen

    2) (= prove) fact, innocence beweisen, nachweisen; claim unter Beweis stellen

    we have established that... — wir haben bewiesen or gezeigt, dass...

    3) (= determine) identity, facts ermitteln, feststellen
    4) (= gain acceptance for) product, theory, ideas Anklang or Anerkennung finden für; one's rights Anerkennung finden für
    2. vr
    (in business, profession) sich etablieren, sich niederlassen

    he seems to have established himself as an expert — er scheint sich (dat) einen Ruf als Experte verschafft zu haben

    * * *
    establish [ıˈstæblıʃ] v/t
    1. festsetzen, einrichten, errichten, etablieren:
    establish an account ein Konto eröffnen;
    establish a law ein Gesetz einführen oder erlassen;
    establish a republic eine Republik gründen;
    establish a theory eine Theorie aufstellen
    2. a) jemanden einsetzen, ernennen
    b) einen Ausschuss etc bilden, einsetzen, schaffen
    c) ein Geschäft etablieren, (be)gründen, errichten
    d) seinen Wohnsitz begründen
    3. establish o.s. WIRTSCH sich etablieren, sich niederlassen (beide a. beruflich), engS. ein Geschäft eröffnen
    4. fig jemandes Ruhm, Rechte etc begründen:
    establish one’s reputation as a surgeon sich als Chirurg einen Namen machen
    5. eine Ansicht, Forderung etc durchsetzen, Geltung verschaffen (dat)
    6. Ordnung schaffen, eine Verbindung etc herstellen, diplomatische Beziehungen etc aufnehmen:
    establish contact with sb mit jemandem Fühlung aufnehmen
    7. einen Rekord aufstellen
    8. be-, erweisen, (einwandfrei) nachweisen;
    establish the fact that … die Tatsache beweisen, dass …
    9. die Kirche verstaatlichen: → established 5
    * * *
    1. transitive verb
    1) (set up, create, found) schaffen [Einrichtung, Präzedenzfall, Ministerposten]; gründen [Organisation, Institut]; errichten [Geschäft, Lehrstuhl, System]; einsetzen, bilden [Regierung, Ausschuss]; herstellen [Kontakt, Beziehungen] ( with zu); aufstellen [Rekord]; ins Leben rufen, begründen [Bewegung]

    establish one's authority — sich (Dat.) Autorität verschaffen

    establish one's reputation — sich (Dat.) einen Namen machen

    3) (prove) beweisen [Schuld, Unschuld, Tatsache]; unter Beweis stellen [Können]; nachweisen [Anspruch]
    4) (discover) feststellen; ermitteln [Umstände, Aufenthaltsort]
    2. reflexive verb

    establish oneself [at or in a place] — sich [an einem Ort] niederlassen

    * * *
    (frame) a rule expr.
    eine Regel aufstellen ausdr. v.
    aufbauen v.
    aufstellen v.
    begründen v.
    einrichten v.
    etablieren v.
    festsetzen v.
    gründen v.

    English-german dictionary > establish

  • 9 establish

    1 დაარსება (დააარსებს), დაფუძნება, შექმნა
    he established a firm ფირმა დააარსა / გახსნა
    2 დადგენა (დაადგენს)
    3 დამკვიდრება (დაამკვიდრებს)
    this book established him as a talented writer ამ წიგნმა მას ნიჭიერი მწერლის სახელი დაუმკვიდრა
    4 დასახლება (დასახლდება)
    to establish a relationship with smb. ვინმესთან ურთიერთობის დამყარება
    to establish the record for... რეკორდის დამყარება …-ში
    a birthday party is an established institution in Georgia საქართველოში დაბადების დღის გადახდა წესად არის შემოღებული
    to establish / break ties with smb. ვინმესთან კავშირის დამყარება / გაწყვეტა
    to make / establish contact with smb. ვინმესთან კონტაქტის დამყარება

    English-Georgian dictionary > establish

  • 10 establish

    es·tab·lish [ɪʼstæblɪʃ, esʼ-] vt
    1) (found, set up)
    to \establish sth etw gründen;
    to \establish an account ein Konto eröffnen;
    to \establish a beachhead einen Brückenkopf errichten;
    to \establish a commission eine Kommission bilden;
    to \establish a dictatorship eine Diktatur errichten;
    to \establish a home/ a household ein Heim/einen Haushalt gründen;
    to \establish a new home sich dat ein neues Zuhause einrichten;
    to \establish a hospital ein Krankenhaus errichten;
    to \establish a rule/ theory eine Regel/Theorie aufstellen
    2) ( begin)
    to \establish sth etw einführen;
    to \establish contact with sb mit jdm Kontakt [o Fühlung] aufnehmen;
    to \establish relations Verbindungen herstellen;
    to \establish a relationship with sb eine Beziehung zu jdm aufbauen;
    to \establish the rule of law Recht und Ordnung herstellen;
    to \establish ties Kontakte knüpfen
    3) ( set)
    to \establish sth etw schaffen [o herstellen];
    we have \established parity with wages in other companies wir haben im Lohnniveau mit anderen Firmen gleichgezogen;
    to \establish a criterion ein Kriterium festlegen;
    to \establish a norm eine Norm definieren;
    to \establish a policy eine politische Linie einschlagen;
    to \establish a precedent einen Präzedenzfall schaffen;
    to \establish priorities Prioritäten setzen;
    to \establish a quota eine Quote festlegen;
    to \establish a standard/ terminology einen Maßstab/eine Terminologie festlegen;
    to \establish a world record einen Weltrekord aufstellen
    4) (secure, make firm)
    to \establish sth etw durchsetzen;
    to \establish one's authority over sb [or supremacy] sich dat Autorität gegenüber jdm verschaffen;
    to \establish a monopoly ein Monopol errichten;
    to \establish order für Ordnung sorgen;
    to \establish one's reputation as a sth sich dat einen Namen als etw machen;
    to \establish one's rights seine Rechte geltend machen
    to \establish sth etw zeigen [o demonstrieren];
    to \establish one's superiority to sb/ sth sich akk jdm/etw gegenüber als überlegen erweisen;
    to \establish sb/ oneself as sth;
    her latest book has \established her as one of our leading novelists ihr jüngstes Buch zeigt, dass sie eine unserer führenden Romanautorinnen ist;
    he's \established himself as a dependable source of information er hat sich als verlässliche Informationsquelle erwiesen
    6) ( prove)
    to \establish sth etw nachweisen;
    we've \established that... wir haben festgestellt, dass...;
    to \establish a claim einen Anspruch nachweisen;
    to \establish the constitutionality of a law die Verfassungsmäßigkeit eines Gesetzes feststellen;
    to \establish the facts den Sachverhalt klären;
    to \establish the truth die Wahrheit herausfinden;
    to \establish where/whether... feststellen, wo/ob...;
    to \establish that... herausfinden, dass...
    7) ( declare)
    to \establish one's residence ( form) sich akk niederlassen, seinen Wohnsitz begründen ( form) vi gedeihen, aufblühen

    English-German students dictionary > establish

  • 11 festigen

    I v/t strengthen; (Macht etc.) auch consolidate; (Währung etc.) auch stabilize; (sichern) secure
    II v/refl Freundschaft etc.: grow stronger; Währung etc.: stabilize, become firmer
    * * *
    to solidify; to consolidate; to confirm
    * * *
    fẹs|ti|gen ['fɛstɪgn]
    1. vt
    to strengthen; Freundschaft, Macht, Ruf auch to consolidate
    See:
    → auch gefestigt
    2. vr
    to become stronger; (Freundschaft, Macht, Ruf auch) to consolidate
    * * *
    (to make or become solid; to strengthen.) consolidate
    * * *
    fes·ti·gen
    [ˈfɛstɪgn̩]
    I. vt
    ▪ etw \festigen to strengthen sth; Freundschaft to establish; Stellung secure
    II. vr (sich stabilisieren)
    ▪ sich akk \festigen to become more firmly established
    * * *
    1.
    transitives Verb strengthen <friendship, alliance, marriage, etc.>; consolidate < position>

    in sich (Dat.) gefestigt sein — be strong

    2.
    reflexives Verb <friendship, ties> become stronger
    * * *
    A. v/t strengthen; (Macht etc) auch consolidate; (Währung etc) auch stabilize; (sichern) secure
    B. v/r Freundschaft etc: grow stronger; Währung etc: stabilize, become firmer
    * * *
    1.
    transitives Verb strengthen <friendship, alliance, marriage, etc.>; consolidate < position>

    in sich (Dat.) gefestigt sein — be strong

    2.
    reflexives Verb <friendship, ties> become stronger
    * * *
    v.
    to consolidate v.
    to steady v.
    to tighten v.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > festigen

  • 12 entablar

    v.
    1 to put down floorboards on (suelo).
    2 to strike up (iniciar) (conversación, amistad).
    3 to put in a splint.
    4 to establish, to initiate, to broach, to strike up.
    Ellas entablaron una buena amistad They established a great friendship.
    5 to cover with boards, to plank, to board in, to board up.
    María entabló las ventMarías por fuera Mary boarded up the windows outside.
    * * *
    1 (poner tablas) to plank, board
    2 (conversación) to begin, start, open; (amistad) to strike up; (negocio) to start; (relaciones) to establish
    3 (ajedrez etc) to set up
    \
    entablar acción / entablar demanda ESPAÑOL AMERICANO to take legal action
    * * *
    verb
    to engage, enter into
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) [+ suelo] to board (in), board (up)
    2) (=empezar) [+ conversación] to strike up; [+ negocio] to enter into, embark upon; [+ proceso] to file; [+ reclamación] to put in
    3) (Ajedrez) to set up
    4) (Med) to splint, put in a splint
    2.
    VI (Ajedrez) to draw
    3.
    See:
    * * *
    verbo transitivo
    a) ( iniciar) < conversación> to strike up, start; < amistad> to strike up; < negociaciones> to enter into, start

    entablaron relaciones comerciales — países they opened up trade links empresas they started doing business together

    b) < partida> to set up
    * * *
    ----
    * entablar amistad = bond.
    * entablar amistad con = establish + familiarity con, chum with, strike up + friendship with.
    * entablar combate = engage in + combat.
    * entablar combate con = engage.
    * entablar conversación = strike up + conversation.
    * entablar relaciones = enter into + relations, enter into + relationships, build + relationships, develop + relationships, develop + relations, build + relations.
    * entablar relaciones comerciales = transact.
    * entablar relaciones con = forge + links with, forge + relationships with, forge + ties.
    * entablar una conversación = engage in + dialogue.
    * entablar una demanda = bring + a suit against, file + suit against, file + lawsuit against.
    * entablar un juicio = file + lawsuit against, file + suit against.
    * entablar un pleito = file + lawsuit against, file + suit against.
    * * *
    verbo transitivo
    a) ( iniciar) < conversación> to strike up, start; < amistad> to strike up; < negociaciones> to enter into, start

    entablaron relaciones comerciales — países they opened up trade links empresas they started doing business together

    b) < partida> to set up
    * * *
    * entablar amistad = bond.
    * entablar amistad con = establish + familiarity con, chum with, strike up + friendship with.
    * entablar combate = engage in + combat.
    * entablar combate con = engage.
    * entablar conversación = strike up + conversation.
    * entablar relaciones = enter into + relations, enter into + relationships, build + relationships, develop + relationships, develop + relations, build + relations.
    * entablar relaciones comerciales = transact.
    * entablar relaciones con = forge + links with, forge + relationships with, forge + ties.
    * entablar una conversación = engage in + dialogue.
    * entablar una demanda = bring + a suit against, file + suit against, file + lawsuit against.
    * entablar un juicio = file + lawsuit against, file + suit against.
    * entablar un pleito = file + lawsuit against, file + suit against.
    * * *
    entablar [A1 ]
    vt
    1 (iniciar) ‹conversación› to strike up, start; ‹amistad› to strike up; ‹negociaciones› to enter into, start
    entablaron relaciones comerciales they opened up trade links
    se ha entablado una dura batalla contra ellos a fierce battle has begun against them
    le entablaron pleito por difamación they brought a libel action against him
    2 ‹partida› to set up
    * * *

    entablar ( conjugate entablar) verbo transitivo
    a) ( iniciar) ‹conversación/amistad› to strike up;

    ‹ negociaciones› to enter into
    b) ‹ partida› to set up

    entablar vtr (iniciar una conversación, amistad) to strike up, begin: entablamos amistad con los vecinos, we became friends with the neighbours
    (un negocio) to start: van a entablar negociaciones con una empresa japonesa, they are going to enter into negotiations with a Japanese company
    (una acción judicial) to initiate
    ' entablar' also found in these entries:
    English:
    bring
    - engage
    - enter into
    - initiate
    - open
    - proceedings
    - start
    - strike up
    - attempt
    - institute
    - mix
    - strike
    - sue
    * * *
    1. [suelo] to put down floorboards on
    2. [iniciar] [conversación, amistad] to strike up;
    [negociaciones] to enter into, to open; [relaciones] to establish;
    entablar juicio contra alguien to start court proceedings against sb;
    los manifestantes entablaron batalla con la policía the demonstrators joined battle with the police;
    entablaron una acalorada discusión they fell into a heated argument
    3. [entablillar] to put in a splint
    4. [en juegos de tablero] to set up
    5. Am [empatar] to tie, to draw
    * * *
    I v/t strike up, start
    II v/i DEP tie, Br
    draw
    * * *
    1) : to cover with boards
    2) : to initiate, to enter into, to start
    * * *
    entablar vb to start / to start up

    Spanish-English dictionary > entablar

  • 13 związ|ek

    m (G związku) 1. (zależność) connection (z czymś with sth); (między dwoma elementami) link; (powiązanie) relation (z czymś to sth); (między dwoma, wieloma elementami) relationship, interrelation(ship)
    - związek między pracą a płacą the relationship between work and pay
    - ścisły/luźny związek teorii z praktyką a close/loose relationship between theory and practice
    - wypowiedź mająca związek z dyskusją a statement pertinent a. relevant to the discussion
    - nie widzę związku między bezrobociem a przyrostem naturalnym I can’t see any relationship between unemployment and the birth rate
    - przekład pozostaje w bardzo luźnym związku z oryginałem it’s a very free a. loose translation (of the original)
    - wykazano niewątpliwy związek między paleniem tytoniu a zachorowalnością na raka the link between smoking and cancer has been established beyond all doubt
    - teoria jest zupełnie bez związku z rzeczywistością the theory bears no relation whatsoever to reality
    2. zw. pl (więź) (oparty na uczuciu, wspólnocie zainteresowań) bond przen.; (rodzinny, uczuciowy) tie zw. pl przen.
    - związki krwi blood ties
    - związki przyjaźni the bonds of friendship
    - umacniać związki rodzinne to strengthen family ties
    - łączyły ich silne związki duchowe there was a strong spiritual bond between them
    3. (wspólnota) relationship
    - związek monogamiczny a pair bond
    - wszystkie jej związki kończyły się wzajemnymi oskarżeniami all her relationships ended in bitter recriminations
    - nie potrafił wytrwać w jednym związku he could never make a relationship last
    - dziecko wniosło do ich związku wiele radości the baby brought a lot of joy into their relationship
    - żyć w wolnym związku to live together; to cohabit książk.
    - związek małżeński marital union
    - kobieta i mężczyzna połączeni związkiem małżeńskim a man and a woman joined in matrimony
    - zawrzeć związek małżeński to enter into marriage, to marry
    4. (organizacja) union, association
    - związek zawodowy (trade) union GB, trades union GB, labor union US
    - robotnicy zrzeszeni w związkach zawodowych organized labour a. labor US
    5. Chem. compound
    - związki węgla compounds of carbon, carbon compounds
    - trujące związki rtęci toxic mercury compounds
    - □ związek acykliczny a. alifatyczny Chem. acyclic a. aliphatic compound
    - związek cywilny civil marriage
    - związek nieorganiczny Chem. inorganic compound
    - związek nitrowy Chem. nitro compound
    - związek organiczny Chem. organic compound
    - związek paradygmatyczny Jęz. paradigmatic relationship
    - związek pitagorejski Filoz. the Pythagoreans
    - Związek Radziecki Hist. the Soviet Union
    - związek rządu Jęz. government
    - związek syntagmatyczny Jęz. syntagmatic relationship
    - związek taktyczny Wojsk. tactical unit
    - związek zgody Jęz. agreement
    - związki aromatyczne Chem. aromatics, aromatic compounds
    - związki kompleksowe a. koordynacyjne Chem. coordination compounds, complexes
    - związki nasycone Chem. saturated compounds
    - związki proste Chem. simple compounds
    ■ bez związku [mówić, gadać] disconnectedly; [zdania, sceny, myśli] disconnected
    - pleciesz bez związku you’re talking gibberish pot.
    - w związku z czymś (z powodu) because of sth, on account of sth; by reason of sth książk.; (w wyniku) owing to sth, due to sth

    The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > związ|ek

  • 14 Verbindung

    Verbindung f 1. COMP, GEN, RECHT connection, link, relationship; 2. KOMM circuit, liaison; 3. PERS joinder • eine Verbindung herstellen GEN forge a link • in Verbindung mit GEN in conjunction with • in Verbindung mit jmdm. bleiben KOMM keep in touch with sb • sich in Verbindung setzen GEN liaise
    * * *
    f 1. <Comp, Geschäft, Recht> connection, link, relationship; 2. < Komm> circuit, liaison; 3. < Person> joinder ■ eine Verbindung herstellen < Geschäft> forge a link ■ in Verbindung mit < Geschäft> in conjunction with ■ in Verbindung mit jmdm. bleiben < Komm> keep in touch with sb ■ sich in Verbindung setzen < Geschäft> liaise
    * * *
    Verbindung
    (Bezug) relation, contact, liaison, (Personenvereinigung) association, society, (pol.) coalition, (telecom.) connexion (Br.), connection (US), call, (Vereinigung) union, (Verkehr) communication, connection, (Verschmelzung) amalgamation, merger, fusion, (Zusammensetzung) hookup;
    • Verbindungen connections;
    • abgehackte Verbindung (tel.) dropped call;
    • abgeschnittene Verbindungen cut-off communications;
    • direkte Verbindung (Bahn) direct communication (connection);
    • durchgehende Verbindung (Bahn) through connection;
    • elektronische Verbindung electronic link;
    • falsche Verbindung (telecom.) wrong connection, crossed line;
    • geschäftliche Verbindungen business relations (connections);
    • hergestellte Verbindung established contact;
    • kartellrechtliche Verbindungen cartel connections;
    • kürzeste Verbindung straight line;
    • langjährige Verbindung connexion (Br.) (connection, US) of long standing;
    • postalische Verbindung postal communication;
    • weit reichende Verbindungen far-reaching connections (connexions, Br.);
    • Verbindung zu den Aktionären stockholder communication;
    • dingliche Verbindung mit einem Grundstück running with the land;
    • Verbindung von Warenzeichen association of trademarks;
    • Verbindung zu einer anderen Webseite hyperlink;
    • Verbindung abbrechen to break off correspondence;
    • diplomatische Verbindungen abbrechen to sever one’s diplomatic ties;
    • Verbindungen anknüpfen to make contacts;
    • brieflich mit jem. Verbindung aufnehmen to contact s. o. by mail;
    • geschäftliche Verbindung mit einer Firma aufnehmen to open up a business connection with a firm;
    • Verbindung bekommen (telecom.) to get through;
    • keine Verbindung bekommen (telecom.) to fail to get a connection;
    • j. mit einer Angelegenheit in Verbindung bringen to link s. o. with an affair;
    • eine Person mit einer anderen in Verbindung bringen to link one person to another;
    • gute Verbindungen haben to be well (influentially) connected;
    • mit der Presse Verbindung halten to liaise with the press;
    • telefonische Verbindung herstellen to put a call through;
    • seine Verbindungen spielen lassen to pull the strings;
    • in Verbindung stehen (Computer) to be linked;
    • mit jem. in geschäftlicher Verbindung stehen to have regular business relations with s. o.;
    • telefonische Verbindung unterbrechen to cut off a telephone connection;
    • wirtschaftliche Verbindungen verstärken to tighten economic bonds.

    Business german-english dictionary > Verbindung

  • 15 RAE

    m.
    1 RAE, Spanish Academy of Language.
    2 Rae.
    pres.indicat.
    3rd person singular (él/ella/ello) present indicative of spanish verb: raer.
    imperat.
    2nd person singular (tú) Imperative of Spanish verb: raer.
    * * *
    1 ( Real Academia Española) Spanish royal academy
    * * *
    SF ABR Esp
    = Real Academia Española RAE The Real Academia Española de la Lengua was created in 1713 to protect the purity of the Spanish language. There are 46 members appointed for life from among Spain's most prestigious writers and linguists. It works in collaboration with the 21 other Spanish language academies, which represent all the countries where Spanish is a native language. Its first dictionary, the six-volume Diccionario de Autoridades, was published between 1726 and 1739.
    * * *
    femenino = Real Academia Española
    * * *
    femenino = Real Academia Española
    * * *
    = Real Academia Española
    * * *
    RAE ['rrae] nf (abrev de Real Academia Española)
    Spanish Royal Academy
    RAE
    The “Real Academia Española” or RAE (Spanish Royal Academy) is the institution which sets the lexical and syntactic standards for the use of Spanish through the dictionaries and grammars it produces. It was founded in 1713, on the model of the French Academy, and its lexicographical work was summarized in a single-volume dictionary which appeared in 1780. This has been continually revised, with the latest full update being the 22nd edition of 2001 (the latest updates can now be consulted on-line). The 46 members of the Academy are elected from among leading writers and intellectuals, though the first woman member did not arrive until 1978. They meet regularly to deliberate on problematic aspects of the language, and to discuss possible linguistic reforms. The Academy has been regarded by some as a conservative institution, out of touch with the everyday language used in the street and the varieties of Spanish spoken in Latin America. To address the latter issue, closer ties have been established with the various corresponding Academies of each of the Latin American countries, and regular international conferences have been held since 1951. More recently, the Academy has started to widen its range of dictionary publications, and an Internet site was opened in 1998, to which users can now send language queries.
    * * *
    f abr (= Real Academia Española) Royal Spanish Academy

    Spanish-English dictionary > RAE

  • 16 मुक्त _mukta

    मुक्त p. p. [मुच्-क्त]
    1 Loosened, relaxed, slackened.
    -2 Set free, liberated, relaxed.
    -3 Abandoned, left, given up, set aside, taken off.
    -4 Thrown, cast, dis- charged, hurled.
    -5 Fallen down, dropped down from; विदन्ति मार्गं नखरन्ध्रमुक्तैर्मुक्ताफलैः Ku.1.6.
    -6 Drooping, unnerved; मुक्तैरवयवैरशयिषि Dk.
    -7 Given, bestowed.
    -8 Sent forth, emitted.
    -9 Finally saved or eman- cipated.
    -1 Ejected, spit out.
    -11 Deprived.
    -12 Absolved or emancipated (from sin or worldly exis- tence); see मुच् also.
    -13 Opened, blown (as a flower); मुक्तपुष्पावकीर्णेन (शोभिता) Rām.5.1.8.
    -14 Set up, established (प्रवर्तित); स दण्डो विधिवन्मुक्तः Rām.7.79.9.
    -क्तः One who is finally emancipated from the bonds of worldly existence, one who has renounced all worldly attachments and secured final beatitude, an absolved saint; सुभाषितेन गीतेन युवतीनां च लीलया । मनो न भिद्यते यस्य स वै मुक्तो$थवा पशुः ॥ Subhāṣ.
    -क्तम् The spirit released from worldly existence.
    -Comp. -अम्बरः a Jaina mendicant of the digambara class.
    -आत्मन् a. finally saved or emancipated. (-m.)
    1 the soul absolved from sins or from worldly matter.
    -2 a person whose soul is absolved.
    - आसन a. rising from a seat. (
    -नम्) a particular position of ascetics (सिद्धासन).
    -कच्छः a Bud- dhist.
    -कञ्चुकः a snake that has cast off its slough.
    -कण्ठ a. raising a cry. (
    -ण्ठम्) ind. bitterly, loudly, aloud; सा मुक्तकण्ठं व्यसनातिभाराच्चक्रन्द विग्ना कुररीव भूयः R.14.68.
    -कर, -हस्त a. open-handed, liberal, bounti- ful.
    -केश a. letting the hair hang down, having the hair dishevelled.
    -चक्षुस् m. a lion.
    -चेतस् a. absolved, emancipated.
    -प्रपाङ्गम् an open court-yard connected with a tank; मुक्तप्रपाङ्गमपि दारुशिलेष्टकाद्यैः । रत्नैरनेकबहुलोह- विशेषकैश्च ॥ Mānasāra 47.31-32.
    -बन्धन a. free from bondage; पश्य मूषिकमात्रेण कपोता मुक्तबन्धनाः.
    -लज्ज a. shameless.
    -वसनः see मुक्ताम्बर.
    -शैशव a. adult, grown up.
    -संग a. free from (wordly) ties or attachments, disinterested. (
    -गः) an ascetic of the fourth religious order (परिव्राजक).

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > मुक्त _mukta

  • 17 renouer

    renouer [ʀənwe]
    ➭ TABLE 1
    1. transitive verb
    [+ lacet, nœud] to tie again ; [+ cravate] to knot again ; [+ conversation, liaison] to resume
    2. intransitive verb
    * * *
    ʀənwe
    1.
    1) lit to retie [lacets, ficelle]
    2) fig to pick up the thread of [conversation]

    2.
    verbe transitif indirect

    renouer avec — ( après une dispute) to make up with [personne]; ( après avoir perdu contact) to get back in touch with [personne]; to revive [tradition]; to re-establish [pratique]; to go back to [passé]

    * * *
    ʀənwe
    1. vt
    1) (refaire un nœud) [cravate] to retie
    2) (= reprendre, recommencer) [conversation, liaison] to renew, to resume
    2. vi

    renouer avec [tradition] — to revive, [habitude] to take up again

    * * *
    renouer verb table: aimer
    A vtr
    1 lit to retie [lacets, ficelle];
    2 fig to renew [amitié]; to pick up the thread of [conversation].
    B renouer avec vtr ind renouer avec ( après dispute) to make up with [personne]; ( après perte de contact) to get back in touch with [personne]; to revive [tradition]; to re-establish [pratique]; to go back to [passé]; j'ai renoué avec d'anciennes connaissances I've got GB ou gotten US back in touch with old acquaintances of mine.
    C se renouer vpr des liens se sont renoués entre eux they have re-established close ties.
    [rənwe] verbe transitif
    1. [rattacher - ruban, cravate] to retie, to tie again, to reknot
    2. [reprendre - discussion] to resume, to renew
    renouer une liaison to rekindle ou to revive an old affair
    ————————
    [rənwe] verbe intransitif
    renouer avec la tradition/l'usage to revive traditions/customs

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > renouer

  • 18 Social Democratic Party / Partido Social Democrático

    (PSD)
       One of the two major political parties in democratic Portugal. It was established originally as the Popular Democratic Party / Partido Popular Democrático (PPD) in May 1974, following the Revolution of 25 April 1974 that overthrew the Estado Novo. The PPD had its roots in the "liberal wing" of the União Nacional, the single, legal party or movement allowed under the Estado Novo during the last phase of that regime, under Prime Minister Marcello Caetano. A number of future PPD leaders, such as Francisco Sá Carneiro and Francisco Balsemão, hoped to reform the Estado Novo from within, but soon became discouraged. After the 1974 Revolution, the PPD participated in two general elections (April 1975 and April 1976), which were crucial for the establishment and consolidation of democracy, and the party won sufficient votes to become the second largest political party after the Socialist Party (PS) in the number of seats held in the legislature, the Assembly of the Republic. The PPD voting results in those two elections were 26.4 percent and 24.4 percent, respectively.
       After the 1976 elections, the party changed its name from Partido Popular Democrático to Partido Social Democrático (PSD). As political opinion swung from the left to the center and center-right, and with the leadership of Francisco Sá Carneiro, the PSD gained greater popularity and strength, and from 1979 on, the party played an important role in government. After Sá Carneiro died in the air crash of December 1980, he was replaced as party chief and then prime minister by Francisco Balsemão, and then by Aníbal Cavaco Silva. As successors, these two leaders guided the PSD to a number of electoral victories, especially beginning in 1985. After 1987, the PSD held a majority of seats in parliament, a situation that lasted until 1995, when the Socialist Party (PS) won the election.
       The PSD's principal political program has featured the de-Marxi-fication of the 1976 Constitution and the economic system, a free-market economy with privatization of many state enterprises, and close ties with the European Economic Community (EEC) and subsequently the European Union (EU). After the PSD lost several general elections in 1995 and 1999, and following the withdrawal from office of former prime minister Cavaco Silva, a leadership succession crisis occurred in the party. The party leadership shifted from Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa to Manuel Durão Barroso, and, in 2004, Pedro Santana Lopes.
       During 2000 and 2001, as Portugal's economic situation worsened, the PS's popularity waned. In the December 2001 municipal elections, the PSD decisively defeated the PS and, as a result, Prime Minister António Guterres resigned. Parliamentary elections in March 2002 resulted in a Social Democratic victory, although its margin of victory over the PS was small (40 percent to 38 percent). Upon becoming premier in the spring of 2002, then, PSD leader Durão Barroso, in order to hold a slim majority of seats in the Assembly of the Republic, was obliged to govern in a coalition with the Popular Party (PP), formerly known as the Christian Democratic Party (CDS). Although the PSD had ousted the PS from office, the party confronted formidable economic and social problems. When Durão Barroso resigned to become president of the EU Commission, Pedro Santana Lopes became the PSD's leader, as prime minister in July 2004. Under Santana Lopes's leadership, the PSD lost the parliamentary elections of 2005 to the PS. Since then, the PSD has sought to regain its dominant position with the Portuguese electorate. It made some progress in doing so when its former leader, Cavaco Silva, was elected president of the Republic of 2006.

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > Social Democratic Party / Partido Social Democrático

  • 19 инновация

    1. innovation

     

    инновация
    1. Вложение средств в экономику, обеспечивающее смену поколений техники и технологии.
    2. Новая техника, технология, являющиеся результатом достижений научно-технического прогресса. Развитие изобретательства, появление пионерских и крупных изобретений является существенным фактором инновации.
    [ http://www.lexikon.ru/dict/buh/index.html]

    инновация
    1.- См статью Иннновации, 2. — результат вложения средств (инвестиций) в разработку новой техники и технологии, во внедрение новых форм бизнеса, современных методов работы на рынке, новых товаров и услуг, финансовых инструментов.
    [ http://slovar-lopatnikov.ru/]

    Параллельные тексты EN-RU из ABB Review. Перевод компании Интент

    Partners in technology
    New challenges to a history of cooperation with customers

    Партнеры по технологии
    Новые уроки сотрудничества с заказчиками

    ABB’s predecessor companies, ASEA and BBC, were founded almost 120 years ago in a time when electromagnetism and Maxwell’s equations were considered “rocket science.” Since then several technological transitions have occurred and ABB has successfully outlived them all while many other companies vanished at some point along the way. This has been possible because of innovation and a willingness to learn from history. Understanding historical connections between products, technology and industrial economics is extremely Partners in technology New challenges to a history of cooperation with customers George A. Fodor, Sten Linder, Jan-Erik Ibstedt, Lennart Thegel, Fredrik Norlund, Håkan Wintzell, Jarl Sobel important when planning future technologies and innovations.

    Предшественницы АББ, компании ASEA и BBC, были основаны почти 120 лет назад, в то время, когда электромагнетизм и уравнения Максвелла считались «космическими технологиями». С тех пор прошло несколько технических революций и АББ успешно пережила их все, в то время как многие другие компании затерялись по дороге. Это стало возможным, благодаря постоянным инновациям и стремлению учиться на уроках истории. Для планирования будущих технологий и инноваций огромную роль играет понимание исторических взаимосвязей между продуктами, технологиями и экономикой

    These connections rely on information channels in companies and their existence cannot be underestimated if a company is to survive. An organization can acquire more information than any one individual, and the optimal use of this information depends on the existence and types of communication channels between those working in a company and the relevant people outside it.

    Эти взаимосвязи опираются на существующие в компании информационные каналы и, если компания намерена выжить, их значение нельзя недооценивать. Организация может накопить значительно больше информации, чем любой отдельный человек, и оптимальное использование этой информации зависит от наличия и типов коммуникационных каналов между работниками компании и причастными людьми за ее пределами.

    Force Measurement, a division of ABB AB, has a long tradition of innovation. Thanks to strong ties with its customers, suppliers, research institutes and universities, Force Measurement provides state-of-the-art equipment for accurate and reliable measurement and control in a broad range of applications. At the same time, established principles such as Maxwell’s equations continue to be applied in new and surprisingly innovative ways to produce products that promote long-term growth and increased competitiveness.

    Группа измерения компании АББ имеет давние традиции использования инноваций. Благодаря прочным связям с заказчиками, поставщиками, исследовательскими институтами и университетами, она создает уникальное оборудование для точных и надежных измерений в самых разных областях. В то же время незыблемые принципы, подобные уравнениям Максвелла, продолжают применяться новыми и удивительно инновационными способами, позволяя создавать продукты, обеспечивающие устойчивый рост и высокую конкурентоспособность.

    Innovation is a key factor if companies and their customers are to survive what can only be called truly testing times. The target of innovation is to find and implement ideas that reshape industries, reinvent markets and redesign value chains, and many of these ideas come from innovative customers.

    Если компания и ее заказчики намерены пережить тяжелые времена, то основное внимание следует обратить на инновации. Целью инноваций является поиск и воплощение идей, позволяющих перевернуть промышленность, заново открыть рынки и перестроить стоимостные цепочки, причем многие из этих идей поступают от заказчиков.

    Key to successful innovation is communication or the types of information channels employed by firms [1, 2]. A global company like ABB, with offices and factories spanning 90 countries, faces many challenges in maintaining information channels. First of all, there are the internal challenges. Ideas need to be evaluated from many different perspectives to determine their overall impact on the market. Selecting the most effective ones requires expertise and teamwork from the various business, marketing and technology competence groups. Just as important are the channels of communication that exist between ABB, and its customers and suppliers.

    Секрет успешных инноваций кроется в типах используемых фирмой информационных каналов [1, 2]. Глобальные компании, подобные АББ, с офисами и заводами более чем в 90 странах, сталкиваются с серьезными проблемами управления информационными каналами. Во-первых, существуют внутренние проблемы. Чтобы определить ценность идеи и ее общее влияние на рынок, ее нужно подвергнуть всесторонней оценке. Выбор наиболее эффективных идей требует коллективной работы различных экономических, маркетинговых и технологических групп. Не менее важны и коммуникационные каналы между компанией АББ и ее заказчиками и поставщиками.

    Many of ABB’s customers come from countries that are gradually developing strong technology and scientific cultures thanks to major investments in very ambitious research programs. China and India, for example, are two such countries. In fact, the Chinese Academy of Sciences is currently conducting research projects in all state of-the-art technologies. Countries in Africa and Eastern Europe are capitalizing on their pool of young talent to create a culture of technology development. Emerging markets, while welcome, mean stiffer competition, and competition to companies like ABB encourages even greater levels of innovation

    Многие заказчики АББ пришли из стран, постоянно развивающих сильную технологию и научную культуру путем крупных инвестиций в грандиозные исследовательские программы. К таким странам относятся, например, Индия и Китай. На самом деле, Китайская академия наук ведет исследования по всем перспективным направлениям. Страны Африки и Восточной Европы делают ставку на молодые таланты, которым предстоит создавать культуру технологического развития. Новые рынки, хоть и привлекательны, ужесточают конкуренцию, а конкуренция с такими компаниями, как АББ способствует повышению уровня инноваций.

    Many customers, similar stories Backed by 120 years of technological development and experience, ABB continues to produce products and services in many automation, power generation and robotics fields, and the examples described in the following section illustrate this broad customer range.

    Заказчиков много, история одна
    Опираясь более чем на 120-летний опыт технологического развития, АББ продолжает выпускать продукты и оказывать услуги во многих отраслях, связанных с автоматизацией, генерацией энергии и робототехникой. Приведенные далее при меры иллюстрируют широкий диапазон таких заказчиков.

    Тематики

    EN

    3.1.29 инновация (innovation): Конечный результат инновационной деятельности, получивший реализацию в виде нового или усовершенствованного продукта, реализуемого на рынке, нового или усовершенствованного технологического процесса, используемого в практической деятельности.

    Источник: ГОСТ Р 54147-2010: Стратегический и инновационный менеджмент. Термины и определения оригинал документа

    Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > инновация

  • 20 innovation

    1. инновация
    2. инновации

     

    инновации
    1. Процесс создания и освоения новых технологий и продуктов, приводящий к повышению эффективности производства. 2. Новая техника, технологии, являющиеся результатом научно-технического прогресса. Инновации, в современных условиях, достигаются преимущественно путем инвестиций в нематериальные активы (НИОКР, информационные технологии, переподготовку кадров, привлечение покупателей) Инновации в самом общем смысле, прежде всего, делятся на два класса: инновации процесса и инновации продукта, хотя они тесно связаны между собой; возможно как изготовление нового продукта старыми методами, так и изготовление старого продукта новыми методами – и наоборот. Не следует смешивать понятия инноваций и изобретений. Второе – более узко, относится к технике и технологии. Однако порою простая реорганизация производства ( а это организационная инновация) может принести не меньший экономический эффект, чем изобретение, техническое усовершенствование. Инновации – основа и движущая сила научно-технического прогресса во всех его видах: трудосберегающего, капиталосберегающего, нейтрального. Основоположник теории инноваций австрийский экономист Й.Шумпетер утверждал, что двигателем экономического развития выступает предприимчивость, выражающаяся в постоянном поиске новых комбинаций факторов производства, дающих предпринимателю возможность получать прибыль, большую по сравнению со средней. Все инновации связаны с большой долей риска. Но известно и другое: отказ от инноваций является еще более рисковым делом, поскольку ведет к замедлению научно-технического прогресса и экономического роста в целом.См. Диффузия инноваций.
    [ http://slovar-lopatnikov.ru/]

    Тематики

    EN

     

    инновация
    1. Вложение средств в экономику, обеспечивающее смену поколений техники и технологии.
    2. Новая техника, технология, являющиеся результатом достижений научно-технического прогресса. Развитие изобретательства, появление пионерских и крупных изобретений является существенным фактором инновации.
    [ http://www.lexikon.ru/dict/buh/index.html]

    инновация
    1.- См статью Иннновации, 2. — результат вложения средств (инвестиций) в разработку новой техники и технологии, во внедрение новых форм бизнеса, современных методов работы на рынке, новых товаров и услуг, финансовых инструментов.
    [ http://slovar-lopatnikov.ru/]

    Параллельные тексты EN-RU из ABB Review. Перевод компании Интент

    Partners in technology
    New challenges to a history of cooperation with customers

    Партнеры по технологии
    Новые уроки сотрудничества с заказчиками

    ABB’s predecessor companies, ASEA and BBC, were founded almost 120 years ago in a time when electromagnetism and Maxwell’s equations were considered “rocket science.” Since then several technological transitions have occurred and ABB has successfully outlived them all while many other companies vanished at some point along the way. This has been possible because of innovation and a willingness to learn from history. Understanding historical connections between products, technology and industrial economics is extremely Partners in technology New challenges to a history of cooperation with customers George A. Fodor, Sten Linder, Jan-Erik Ibstedt, Lennart Thegel, Fredrik Norlund, Håkan Wintzell, Jarl Sobel important when planning future technologies and innovations.

    Предшественницы АББ, компании ASEA и BBC, были основаны почти 120 лет назад, в то время, когда электромагнетизм и уравнения Максвелла считались «космическими технологиями». С тех пор прошло несколько технических революций и АББ успешно пережила их все, в то время как многие другие компании затерялись по дороге. Это стало возможным, благодаря постоянным инновациям и стремлению учиться на уроках истории. Для планирования будущих технологий и инноваций огромную роль играет понимание исторических взаимосвязей между продуктами, технологиями и экономикой

    These connections rely on information channels in companies and their existence cannot be underestimated if a company is to survive. An organization can acquire more information than any one individual, and the optimal use of this information depends on the existence and types of communication channels between those working in a company and the relevant people outside it.

    Эти взаимосвязи опираются на существующие в компании информационные каналы и, если компания намерена выжить, их значение нельзя недооценивать. Организация может накопить значительно больше информации, чем любой отдельный человек, и оптимальное использование этой информации зависит от наличия и типов коммуникационных каналов между работниками компании и причастными людьми за ее пределами.

    Force Measurement, a division of ABB AB, has a long tradition of innovation. Thanks to strong ties with its customers, suppliers, research institutes and universities, Force Measurement provides state-of-the-art equipment for accurate and reliable measurement and control in a broad range of applications. At the same time, established principles such as Maxwell’s equations continue to be applied in new and surprisingly innovative ways to produce products that promote long-term growth and increased competitiveness.

    Группа измерения компании АББ имеет давние традиции использования инноваций. Благодаря прочным связям с заказчиками, поставщиками, исследовательскими институтами и университетами, она создает уникальное оборудование для точных и надежных измерений в самых разных областях. В то же время незыблемые принципы, подобные уравнениям Максвелла, продолжают применяться новыми и удивительно инновационными способами, позволяя создавать продукты, обеспечивающие устойчивый рост и высокую конкурентоспособность.

    Innovation is a key factor if companies and their customers are to survive what can only be called truly testing times. The target of innovation is to find and implement ideas that reshape industries, reinvent markets and redesign value chains, and many of these ideas come from innovative customers.

    Если компания и ее заказчики намерены пережить тяжелые времена, то основное внимание следует обратить на инновации. Целью инноваций является поиск и воплощение идей, позволяющих перевернуть промышленность, заново открыть рынки и перестроить стоимостные цепочки, причем многие из этих идей поступают от заказчиков.

    Key to successful innovation is communication or the types of information channels employed by firms [1, 2]. A global company like ABB, with offices and factories spanning 90 countries, faces many challenges in maintaining information channels. First of all, there are the internal challenges. Ideas need to be evaluated from many different perspectives to determine their overall impact on the market. Selecting the most effective ones requires expertise and teamwork from the various business, marketing and technology competence groups. Just as important are the channels of communication that exist between ABB, and its customers and suppliers.

    Секрет успешных инноваций кроется в типах используемых фирмой информационных каналов [1, 2]. Глобальные компании, подобные АББ, с офисами и заводами более чем в 90 странах, сталкиваются с серьезными проблемами управления информационными каналами. Во-первых, существуют внутренние проблемы. Чтобы определить ценность идеи и ее общее влияние на рынок, ее нужно подвергнуть всесторонней оценке. Выбор наиболее эффективных идей требует коллективной работы различных экономических, маркетинговых и технологических групп. Не менее важны и коммуникационные каналы между компанией АББ и ее заказчиками и поставщиками.

    Many of ABB’s customers come from countries that are gradually developing strong technology and scientific cultures thanks to major investments in very ambitious research programs. China and India, for example, are two such countries. In fact, the Chinese Academy of Sciences is currently conducting research projects in all state of-the-art technologies. Countries in Africa and Eastern Europe are capitalizing on their pool of young talent to create a culture of technology development. Emerging markets, while welcome, mean stiffer competition, and competition to companies like ABB encourages even greater levels of innovation

    Многие заказчики АББ пришли из стран, постоянно развивающих сильную технологию и научную культуру путем крупных инвестиций в грандиозные исследовательские программы. К таким странам относятся, например, Индия и Китай. На самом деле, Китайская академия наук ведет исследования по всем перспективным направлениям. Страны Африки и Восточной Европы делают ставку на молодые таланты, которым предстоит создавать культуру технологического развития. Новые рынки, хоть и привлекательны, ужесточают конкуренцию, а конкуренция с такими компаниями, как АББ способствует повышению уровня инноваций.

    Many customers, similar stories Backed by 120 years of technological development and experience, ABB continues to produce products and services in many automation, power generation and robotics fields, and the examples described in the following section illustrate this broad customer range.

    Заказчиков много, история одна
    Опираясь более чем на 120-летний опыт технологического развития, АББ продолжает выпускать продукты и оказывать услуги во многих отраслях, связанных с автоматизацией, генерацией энергии и робототехникой. Приведенные далее при меры иллюстрируют широкий диапазон таких заказчиков.

    Тематики

    EN

    3.1.29 инновация (innovation): Конечный результат инновационной деятельности, получивший реализацию в виде нового или усовершенствованного продукта, реализуемого на рынке, нового или усовершенствованного технологического процесса, используемого в практической деятельности.

    Источник: ГОСТ Р 54147-2010: Стратегический и инновационный менеджмент. Термины и определения оригинал документа

    Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > innovation

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